Wrench



Apr. 17, 1923.

l. C. GELLMAN WRENCH Filed Aug. 5 1921 [72 0W2 for:

Patented Apr. 117, 1923.

ISRAEL C. GELLMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

WRENCH.

Applicationfiled August 5, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISRAEL C. GELLMAN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in'TVrenches, of whichthe following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the reference characters marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in adjustable wrenches. sists in the devices and combination of devices herein illustrated, described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,-

, Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a wrench embodying my invention; a portion being 20 broken away and sectioned to disclose interior parts otherwise covered.

Fig. 2 illustrates in a side or edge view, the same wrench with a modified form of locking device.

Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the wrench illustrated in Fig. 2.

Fig. a is a transverse, vertical, sectional view, taken in the plane of the dotted line 11 of Fig. 3, and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken in the plane of the dotted line 55 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

The wrench is provided with a handle or shank member A, preferably of relatively thin metal, and of any desired length, and preferably tapered from its jaw end to its narrow, movable end. It is provided with a aw member B and with an upwardly eX- tending lug C. A movable member D is provided with a laterally extending jaw E and is pivotally and adjustably secured to the wrench A by means of a bolt F.

The invention cone The edge of the shank or handle member Serial No. 490,036.

1 turned lug C joins the adjacent edge of the wall or shank member A With a strengthenng nllet or curved rib 6. The edge of the aw member E is provided with a jaw surface 7 which in all operative positions of the wrench willbe parallel with the jaw surface 4 of the jaw B. The movable member D has an edge surface 8 which extends angularly from the surface 7 and parallel wlth a surface 9 on the jaw B. From the lower edge of the surface S the edge of the movable member D is provided with a plurality of ratchet teeth- 10. The bolt F may be secured by a washer 11 and by riveting so as to hold the movable member D in operative position upon the gripping end of the wrench in all positions when the member D is moved longitudinallyof its length and the bolt F up and down in the slot 5. The teeth 10 of the member D are adapted for operative engagement with similar teeth formed on the face or edge of a tempered steel block G, which is riveted at 12 to the shank member A; the edge of the jaw B belng cut away at 13 and 14 to form two surfaces against which the rear surface of the insert block G will bear.

1 While this is the preferred construction on account of facility in the manufacture of the teeth 15, which are adapted to engage with the ratchet teeth 10, it will he manifest that the insert block G may be made integral with the jaw .13, this doing away with the shoulders and engaging surfaces 13 and 14, and with the rivet 12.

The spring S is provided with a bent end 16 adapted to be inserted in a curved recess 17 in one wall of the cored out chamber d. The free end of the spring rests upon one face of the lug or shoulder a which latter is integral with the member'A. The bearing surface of the lug a is parallel with the inside wall of the member D as clearly shown in Fig. 1. The shape of the engaging end 16, of the spring S and of the curved recess 17 are such that the spring must be inserted in the recess on edge and will therefore be held firmly in position to move longitudinally of the lug. a as and? are the same, as clearly indicated in Fig. 2, while the other parts of the mv-- able member ndit e 11 Canem mb r: A are of lesser thickness, as indicated in the 5 various figures. I prefer to provide the.

lower end of the movable member D with a finger hold 18, whereby the operator may grasp the member D and swing it about the bolt If? so thatfthe jaws- E and F may be lmmoved out parallel relation andjthe teeth lOand l5-bedisengaged such position, tension will be put upon the spring S against 7 the shoulder a, but the member D may nev f 1 ertheless move longitu'dinally of its length- 115: foria'djustmentpurposes, the bolt F'sliding longitudinally in the slot 5 of the lug C. 1, Immediately upon releasing the hand ,vh0ld 18, the tension of the spring will bring. theteeth 10 and into engagement, 20.. so that a he iiagonal bolt will be g'raspedfand vheld on four of its sides by contact with the surfaces 7, =8, 3 and 4:; hen ai bolt is thus held by the jaws B J and E, p-ljessurdezierted on the handle or gfi s-hanleh will permit 0'', the p'roper iturning of thebolt. or nut in theidesii-ed' direetion. When the wrench is thus being turned, it will be clear that the" pressure against the face 7 will 'ezitend'through the"lug and against that athiekened portion" ,thereot' I which beans'against, tlie shoulde'r or the lug C, and willbeflexerted iii. lthe other di; reetioiij" against the block so that, the toothed"surfaces-'10,: 15, will be solidly 3 clamped together: "There will beno danger of the gripping jaws. looseiiing' their hold uponthe boltfheadorjnut, i ln-Yth medifieation showii iiiFig's. 2, and 4,1 havewomitte'dlthe spring S and the".v shoulderfa as a iiietans' ofholdinglthe teeth: y "10, 15, in operative engagement, and inlieu thereof,- Ii haveprovided a ipekingwedge lever L, pivotallyseeured by ,a bolt or rivet: l9 jto theiarm or shankiniember A, .Theeam" P ember L- is' provided with an "eccentric 2O ,whioli the ,mem beli L, bears againstthe ,bfaok edge or enamel of the mo a e em e D4 Wh n eyp iiq f p the member D is to be shifted, the lp'eking q lever L'will bemoved' into the position .lshown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, and when Kathe, eeeentrieor wedge edge thereof is "sag- ,2 3, of the member D, the lever. L will be show-vii, in lul l'lines in Figsfl and tl'iusloCking the teeth 10,15, in operative e i'i e m nt- ,7 l.

i It for Xample, the parts ai'ein the posi' tion shown inc tted lines 3, and the two of the faces of {the latte'rbear against" the surfaces 3, 4, and the surfaces 7, 8 con; 'taet in any ma nner with said bolt or nut, a turning pressure on the handle or shank" member A will promptly cause the movable 7.1.. 4) 1..\. ..l i 7 brought as operative pos t on. against the aw and the said movable 1 p p I p terloek ng engagement, and L wreneh he placed .over a nut or bolt so that member D to swing about the bolt or pivot F until the teeth 10, 15, engage, and then tl elever Lmay be swung about its pivotal rivet 19 to l oek tlie parts together.

It will be observed that in both forms of the invention herein illustrated, I have provided thickness 01 metal and strength where same are required and have made the parts thin andrlight where the work to be performed does'not produ'e severe strain.

fi lie ivreneh is designedito' be miidef by drop forging and will be easeha'rdened where necessary,v r

' Th e gripping s'urfaees' l we? o fthe aws B and E? are Tsliowii st'rai ht to "lay firm hold 1 upon parallel sides 0'1- a nut orbolt head, but, manifestly, these surfaces may be made roughened or [eurved' to "equallylay hold of a pipe; or ey'lindricalbolt o'r rod, and I would have it stiiji'iiderstood'without additional illustration of 'si'ichffamiliar 'feature. 1 s

The wrench is of simple'cdhsti uetion, ex eeedingly eflioient, has noeomplieaitedparts to, get out oi order'and'mani restly is readilj'adjustabie' to any sized 'nut or bolt,

within the limits of "size.

l el aim as my iIii "ention: I v

1. An adjustable wrench e'oinprisingl a shank provided a-t, o11eend witha fitted jaw member and a relati've1jithii1"slbttetl lug, the longitudinal of theslot andtlie'forw 'ai'd' m-arginalface of thelugbeing' atright angles to the grippingffaeeof s'aidfixe l aw inemberja awfmember'movably secured to the slotted luli and. "pr oiiidedlwitli a 'r'ela- Vii-1' /,l iv av I .r. r. tively tnm movable member integral there- ,with, complemental eiigaifing, surfaces on thefixed jaw and theed'e of the movable mem er, means for bringing; "said 'surfaces? "into interloking engagement, and means for securing the two thin meinbers together permitting relative moveiiienitibetween them. I p H I ZQ' The ii' s'tablei wrenh dtseribe'd, c ompris'i-ngafshanl: provided at on'ei'enthwith an integral aw member; an integral 'i'elativelig 'thin'slo (1 lug, and afi igdlug cjomlllfi 'ely thin movable E ii'lember integral "with the said seoond'jaw ember, aplura-lity of nter-enga n ear: oaihe e inv a on the edge of the relativelvth'in movable member a b aring-11 g on the shank, faf spring bearing at one endi ipdnsaidfmovable memher and atits 'iotherend' upon 'said'bearing b g-i9 IiQI mall g- 6 curing the two thin member. p erm ittin rel ative p em The justab e prising a sl1ankp-rov1de d a eenc fixed jaw'meniber and an'intgf'ralie vely thin slotted lug, combined with a movable jaw member integral with a relatively thin movable member, a plurality of inter-engaging teeth on the fixed jaw and the edge of the movable member, a bearing lug on the shank, a spring having one end fixed to the movable member and the other adapted to bear upon said fixed lug to normally bring the teeth into interlocking engagement, and means for securing the two thin members together while permitting relative movement between them, comprising a pivot stud secured to the movable member and adapted to travel in the slotted lug.

4. The adjustable wrench described comprising a shank provided at one end with an integral or fixed jaw member and with a relatively thin slotted lug, a relatively thin movable member mounted upon the slotted lug by means affording relative movement of said member upon the lugs, a movable jaw member integral with said movable member provided with two shoulder surfaces, one adapted to contact with, the edge of the slotted lug and the other with the edge of the movable jaw, interlocking engaging means on the edge of the movable member and the fixed jaw, cooperating means on the shank and the movable mem ber for normally bringing the said engaging means in interlocked relation and means for locking said engaging means in the interlocked position.

5. The adjustable wrench described comprising a shank provided at one end with an integral. or fixed jaw member and with a relatively thin slotted lug, a relatively thin movable member mounted upon the slotted lug by means affording relative movement of said member upon the lugs, a movable jaw member integral with said movablemember provided with two shoulder surfaces, one adapted to contact with the edge of the slotted lug and the other with the edge of the movable'jaw, interlocking engaging means on the edge of the movable member and the fixed jaw, cooperating means on the shank and the movable memvber for normally bringing the said engagedge, a fixed jaw member of greater thickness projecting from the shank end near its other edge, and an integral elongated rib on one face extending in a direction parallel with the median line of the slotted lug, the gripping face of the fixed jaw being normal to the rib, in combination with an elongated, relatively thin, movable member pivotally mounted upon the shank and slotted lug to swing about the pivotal connection and to be moved bodily, lengthwise of the lug, a jaw integral with said movable member and of the same thickness as the fixed jaw, interengaging surfaces between the edge of said movable member and the fixed jaw, there being a recess in the inner face of the movable member adapted to receive the rim, and a flat metal spring positioned therein on edge and secured at one end to a wall of the recess, its free end having bearing engage- I ment with the rim.

7. In a wrench, a relatively wide and thin shank member provided with an angularly disposed slotted lug extending from one edge, a fixed jaw member of greater thickness projecting from the shank end near its other edge, and an integral elongated rib on one face extending in a direction parallel with the median line of the slotted lug, the gripping face of, the fixed jaw being normal to the rib, in combination with an elongated, relatively thin, movable member pivotally mounted upon the shank and slotted lug to swing about the pivotal connection and to.

be moved bodily, lengthwise ofthe lug, a jaw integral with said'movable member and of the same thickness as the fixed jaw, interengaging surfaces between the edge of said movable member and the fixed jaw, there being a recess in the inner face of the movable member adapted toreceive the rib, a flat metal spring positioned therein on edge and secured at one end to a wall of the recess, its free end having bearing engagement with the rib, and a metal insert in the fixed jaw shaped on one edge to form a part of said interengaging surfaces.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I afiix my signature, in the presenceof two witnesses, this 3rd day of August, 1921.

, ISRAEL C. GELLMAN. 

